With the deepening of health care marketization, many medical and health institutions resort to a variety of integrated approaches to establish alliances between hospitals or medical consortium, which has become an important way to achieve an orderly, rationalized and sustainable development, but there are also considerable cases of failed reconstructions of health care institutions. Based on the relationship between medical consortium and medical quality, patient's right of choice, hospital development scale, third party supervision and internal coordination mechanisms, this thesis systematically analyzes the problems in the construction process of medical consortium, and proposes solutions to it. As a new exploration of health reform, medical consortium (hereinafter referred to as MC) provides an effective way for the realization of orderly and rationalized medical and health structure (1, 2). The establishment of MC can not only relieve the overburdened III-A hospitals of heavy patient admissions, enabling them to be responsible for teaching, research and treatment of complicated and critical diseases, but also allow the grass-roots hospitals and community hospitals to improve their diagnosis, treatment and technology levels under top hospitals' technical support and guidance, so that they can attract more patients, and their idle medical equipments can be fully utilized. However, to keep the sustainability of MC, we need to take medical care quality, patient's right of choice, the scale of development, third-party supervision, internal coordination mechanism and other aspects into a holistic thinking.