Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membrane-like vesicles secreted by living cells that are involved in many physiological and pathological processes and act as intermediaries of intercellular communication and molecular transfer. Recent studies have shown that EVs from specific sources regulate tissue repair and regeneration by delivering proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids to target cells as signaling molecules. Nanotechnology breakthroughs have facilitated the development and exploration of engineered EVs for tissue repair. Enhancements through gene editing, surface modification, and content modification have further improved their therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes the potential of EVs in tissue repair and regeneration, their mechanisms of action, and their research progress in regenerative medicine. This review highlights their design logic through typical examples and explores the development prospects of EVs in tissue repair. The aim of this review is to provide new insights into the design of EVs for tissue repair and regeneration applications, thereby expanding their use in regenerative medicine. Graphical Abstract
[1]Beihua Univ, Coll Basic Med, 3999 Binjiang East Rd, Jilin, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[2]Beihua Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, 3999 Binjiang East Rd, Jilin, Jilin, Peoples R China.
[3]Sun Yat Sen Univ, Affiliated Hosp 8, Dept Lab Med, 3025 Shennan Middle Rd, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
[4]Zunyi Med Univ, Hosp Stomatol, 89 Wujiang East Rd, Zunyi, Guizhou, Peoples R China.
[5]Kunming Med Univ, Inst Engn Med, 1168 Chunrong West Rd,Yuhua Str, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[6]Anhui Med Univ, Res & Engn Ctr Biomed Mat, Sch Biomed Engn, 81 Meishan Rd, Hefei 230032, Peoples R China.
(8.0+极速模式)